The pilot site is located in Fos-sur-Mer, in the Bouches-du-Rhône department in southern France, one of the country’s largest industrial and port areas. The territory hosts major industrial facilities, including petrochemical plants, steelworks, logistics hubs and waste treatment infrastructure. The proposed incinerator project has generated significant public debate due to concerns about its potential environmental and health impacts in an area already affected by industrial pollution.

Key issues include air quality, public health, environmental justice, access to information, meaningful stakeholder participation and the management of cumulative environmental impacts. Local communities, environmental NGOs (for instance Institut Ecocitoyen), are among the stakeholders directly involved.